MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Which statement best summarizes the rock cycle?

a. Rocks are all made of the same materials.

b. Rocks can be different types at the same time.

c. Rocks are unchangeable.

d. Rocks can change from one form to another.

Correct Answer: d

MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Glaciers have been a dynamic force in shaping the surface of the earth.  What physical features would you find in an area that had been eroded by glaciers?

a. Dunes, worn rocks, loess

b. Landslides, mudflows, soil creep

c. Gullies, oxbow lakes, flood plains

d. U-shaped valleys, till, kettle lakes

e. Terraces, beaches, sandbars

Correct Answer: d

MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

How does vegetation control water erosion due to runoff?

a. They make the soil harder and more resistant.

b. They stop the rain from reaching the soil.

c. They absorb the rain so it doesn't react with the soil.

d. Their roots hold the soil in place.

e. Their stems grow high to avoid lower runoff.

Correct Answer: d

MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Which type of erosion moves the most sediment on the earth's surface?

a. Glaciers

b. Landslides

c. Water

d. Wind

Correct Answer: c

MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

What term describes the breakdown of rocks into smaller and smaller parts?

a. Erosion

b. Deposition

c. Weathering

d. Cementation

Correct Answer: c

MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

What term describes the breakdown of rocks into smaller and smaller parts?

a. erosion

b. sedimentation

c. weathering

d. wind

Correct Answer: c

MC	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

a. When a bicycle is left outdoors and rusts.

b. When water freezes and breaks open rocks.

c. When a plant wedges into a rock and breaks it.

d. When wind wears away at a rock.

e. When a tombstone freezes, cracks and breaks.

Correct Answer: a

I	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Use this diagram to answer the following questions.

1. What events must happen for rock to cycle from point C to point A?

a. melting, cooling, re-crystallization

b. weathering, erosion, deposition, mineral cement

c. burial, heat, pressure

d. erosion, heat, melting

2. What events must happen for rock to cycle from point C to point B?

a. melting, cooling, re-crystallization

b. weathering, erosion, deposition, mineral cement

c. burial, heat, pressure

d. erosion, heat, melting

Correct Answers:

1. b

2. c

I	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

The following diagrams are of three different types of sand dunes formed by wind erosion. Answer the following questions while studying the diagrams.

1. What direction is the wind blowing in each of the diagrams? Hint: the top of the page is always north unless otherwise stated.

2. Identify three factors that influence the shape of these sand dunes and how those factors affect the dunes.

Factors

Crescent (1)

Transverse (2)

Longitudinal (3)

Key

1. Northeast in all of the diagrams

2.

Factors	Crescent (1)	Transverse (2)	Longitudinal (3)
Wind direction	Erodes and deposits around obstacle	Erodes on windward side Deposits on other side	Erodes a pathway through the dune Deposits on sides.
Wind speed	Fast- rapid migration Slow-stationary	Dune migrates quickly with rapid speed	These form only with slow wind speed
Location	Form in rocky or areas of high vegetation	Form in large areas	Form in areas with not much wind
Amount of Sand	Dunes won't form if not a lot of sand available	More sand larger dune Small dunes with little sand	Smaller dunes with small amount of sand

E	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Trace the path of some sediment as it moves through the rock cycle. You must show all the rock groups in your sample.

Sample answer:

Sand grains are deposited over time and become sandstone as a mineral cement fuses them together. Through plate tectonics the sandstone is recycled back into the mantle where it is melted and intruded into the crust as a granite formation. Later as more sediment is deposited on the granite and heat increases, the granite is re-crystallized into gneiss. As erosion removes successive layers of the gneiss, it is eroded back to sediments to continue the cycle.

E	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Contrast the following processes: erosion, deposition, and weathering.

Scoring Guide:

4 - The student demonstrates complete understanding of the following processes: Erosion, weathering and deposition and shows how they relate to one another.

3 - The student shows a good understanding of the following terms: erosion, weathering and deposition, but fails to show relationship between the processes.

2 - The student confuses 1 or more of the following: erosion, weathering, and deposition or uses them inappropriately.

1 - The student fails to make any distinction between terms. Does not explain all three processes.

E	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Describe two ways climate changes the Earth's surface.

Possible Answers:

1) As the climate turns colder, the water trapped in cracks or holes in rocks freezes and expands. This expansion will increase the pressure inside the rock, ultimately causing the rock to break into smaller rocks.

2) As the climate changes from wet to dry conditions. This may cause plants to die and be replaced by other plants, which may not have the same root structure. These new plants may not hold the soil as efficiently as the plants they replaced. These new plants may then allow the water to wash the soil away more rapidly, causing the erosion processes to become more active.

E	8^th Grade Integrated Science	Standard: 03
Objective: 02. Describe the nature of the changes that rocks undergo over long periods of time.
ILO:

Compare and contrast weathering and erosion. Give an example of each.

Example answer:

Weathering is a process that is a direct result of wind, rain, frost or temperature. An example is the heat of the day and the cool of the night cause rock to expand and contract. The inner part of the rock will expand more slowly causing the outer surface to crack and eventually wearing away. Erosion uses weathering processes as well but is different in that most are a result of abrasion or water action. Example: Water running down a mountain carries with it soil rocks and other materials.