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Bibliographic Formats

Simplified Bibliographic Format

• The list is in alphabetical order according to the author’s last name.
• Indentation is key. All lines except the first line are indented.
• Each item on the list refers to an actual reference in the paper.

1. For a book:
   Author (last name first). Title. Copyright date.
   Sonnenklar, Carol. Robots Rising. c1999.

2. For an encyclopedia article:
   “Article name (if given),” Name of encyclopedia. Last copyright date.
   “Robots,”World Book Encyclopedia. c1999.

3. Email:
   Author of email message (last name first). Subject of email. [Online] email address: student@address.edu., date.
   Jones, Tom. Robots in your life. R.jones@hisplace.ut, January, 2000

4. Internet:
   Author (last name first). Title of item. [Online]
   Liao, Thomas T. “Robot.” [Online] January 10, 2000.

Approved Bibliographic Citation Format

• The list is in alphabetical order according to the author’s last name.
  
• Indentation is key. Approved format uses hanging indentation---all lines except the first line are indented. You can command your word-processing program to do this for you.
  

• Each item on the list refers to an actual reference in the paper. Do not pad the list with names of references that you may have read but did not use.

1. For a book:
   Author (last name first). Title. City of publication: Publisher, copyright date.
   Fisher, Leonard Everett. The Olympians. New York: Holiday House, c1984.

2. For a book with two authors:
   Author (last name first) and second Author (first name first). Title. City of publication: Publisher, copyright date.
   McLean, Mollie and Ann Wiseman. Adventures of the Greek Heroes. Boston: Houghton, c1987.

3. For a reference source, such as an encyclopedia article, almanac, or atlas:
   “Article name (if given),” Name of reference source. Last copyright date. Volume number, page number(s) of article.
   “Mythology,” World Book Encyclopedia. c1998. Vol. 13, 813.

4. For a magazine article:
   Author (if known). Magazine Name. Date of publication: page number(s).
   Severin, Tim. “Quest for Ulysses,” National Geographic. Aug. 1986: 197-225.

5. For a study print, film, video or other media:
   “Title of Media,” Title of Series (Type of media). Producer, copyright date.
   “Myths,” Literature for Children (video). Pied Piper, cl990.

6. For an interview:
   Interviewee’s name (last name first). Interview. Place of interview: Date of interview.
   Young, George. Interview. Salt Lake City, Utah: January 15, 2000.

7. For email:
   Author of email message (last name first). Subject of the message. [Online] Available email: Student@address.edu, from Author@address.edu, date of document or download, if document is not available.
   Jones, Tom. Nile River Research Project results. [Online] Available email: student5@smallvillehight.edu from ert@informs.k12.mn.us, September 25, 1999.

8. For Internet:
   Author (last name first). Title of item. [Online] Available http://address/filename, date of document or download, if document is not available.
   Yule, James. The Cold War Revisited: A Splintered Germany. [Online] Available http://usa.coldwar.server.gov/index/cold,war/countries/former.soviet.block/German/germany.html, November 5, 1996.